Velia was founded by the Greeks in approximately 540 BC, and was a commercial centre with two very good ports. It was famous for its philosophical and medical school, founded by Parmenide and Zenone. The fall of the Roman empire and the barbaric invasions led to the town's decline and eventual abandonment in the 9th century. The most interesting excavated monument is the Rosa Gate (Porta Rosa), a rare example of a Greek arch. Velia can be visited in a day, combined with Paestum or Salerno.
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